Turntable Connections
Before you start to copy vinyl records to CD, you need to be familiar with the types of connections a turntable might include.
Audio Out with Ground or Audio Out with Built-in Equalizer/Preamp.
USB Output
A growing number of turntables come equipped with a USB port. In most cases, this allows the connection of the turntable directly to a PC. However, for some turntables, the USB port may only allow direct copy from the turntable to a USB flash drive.
Using a PC or Laptop with a CD burner
Using a PC with a CD-burner combined with a turntable connected to an analog-to-digital USB audio converter or a turntable with a USB output are ways to get started.
If your turntable doesn’t have a USB output, but your PC has analog audio inputs, you might need an additional phono preamp to connect the turntable to a PC’s sound card line input. You might also require other software.
PC Advantages
Copy records to CD, Memory Cards, or USB flash drives. Keep the files on your PC and access them on other smart playback devices, such as smart TVs, Network Blu-ray Disc players, Home Theater Receivers, and some media streamers you may have via your home network. You save the files in the cloud to access them on compatible mobile devices, no matter where you are. Depending on the software used, further editing and tweaking (such as removing pop and scratch noise, adjusting fade-ins/outs, record level) may be possible.
PC Disadvantages
Transferring music from vinyl records to a PC hard drive, burning them to CDs, then deleting the files off the hard drive afterward (depending on how much hard drive space you have), and repeating this process takes extra time.
Check out some additional tips and steps when using the PC method.
Using a Standalone CD Recorder
Another way to copy vinyl records is with a standalone audio CD recorder. You can make CD copies of vinyl records, as well as play other CDs you might have.
CD-Recorder Availability
CD recorders are getting rare, but there are still several brands and models available.
Use The Right Discs
Use blank CDs marked “Digital Audio” or “For Audio Use Only,” some CD data discs may not be compatible. Disc compatibility information should be in the CD recorder user manual. You can also choose between CD-R discs (record once - best for straight dubbing) or CD-RW discs (re-writable and erasable).
Setup Considerations
Setting up most CD recorders is not tricky, but your turntable might not connect directly to your CD recorder unless it has a built-in phono preamp/equalizer. You have three connection options:
You can get an external phono preamp that you place between the turntable and the CD recorder’s audio input. Get a turntable that has a built-in phono preamp. For a stereo or home theater receiver with dedicated phono inputs that you are already using to listen to your vinyl records, select the turntable as your source and send its audio to the CD recorder via the receiver’s tape or preamp outputs for recording.
Monitoring Your Recording
If the CD recorder has a headphone jack, there may be a monitor function that allows you to listen to your vinyl record as you record. As you listen to the incoming signal, you can use the CD recorder’s level control (there may also be a balance control) to set your copy’s most comfortable sound levels. If the CD recorder has LED level meters, you will see if the incoming signal is too loud.
Recording Both Sides
One issue recording from a vinyl record to a CD is how to record both sides of the record without having to manually pause and start the CD recording at the proper time. In many cases, you have to pause and restart the recording manually.
However, If your CD recorder has a Synchro feature, recording two sides of a record is more straightforward.
The Synchro feature senses the sound that the tonearm cartridge makes when hitting the record’s surface and stops when the cartridge lifts off. The recorder can pause between cuts and still “kick in” just as the music starts. When the recorder pauses after playing one side of a record, you have time to flip the record. The CD recording will restart on the second side when the recorder “hears” the stylus drop again on the record. The Synchro feature is a time saver as you can start the recording, do something else, then come back to flip the record.
The Silence Threshold
Another feature you may find on a CD recorder is the silence threshold setting, which fine-tunes the Synchro’s effectiveness and any Auto Track recording feature. Since vinyl records have surface noise, unlike digital sources, such as commercial CDs, the CD recorder may not recognize the space between cuts as silence. It might not number the recorded tracks correctly. If you wish to have accurate track numbering on your CD copy, you can set the -dB levels of the silence threshold.
Fades and Text
Some CD recorders allow you to create fade-ins and fade-outs between cuts. Some also have CD-Text capability, enabling you to label a CD and each of its cuts. This information can be read by CD or CD/DVD players and CD/DVD-Rom drives, with text reading capability. You can usually enter text with the keypad on the remote control, but some high-end and professional CD recorders might connect to a Windows-style keyboard.
Finalization
Once you finish, you can’t just take your created CD and play it in any CD player; you must go through a finalization process. This process labels the number of cuts on the CD and makes the file structure on the disc compatible for play on any CD player. To finalize, press the Finalize button on the recorder or the remote control. The estimated finalization time and its progress should appear on some CD recorders’ front panel status display.
Using Turntable/CD Recorder Combos
Another method of copying vinyl records to CD is with a Turntable/CD Recorder combo.
Similar in concept to a VCR/DVD recorder combo, since both the turntable and CD recorder are in the same component, you don’t have to use separate connecting cables or connect an external phono preamp.
Depending on brand and model, you can copy your records to CD with a one-button push. However, you may have the flexibility to set levels and fades.
Unlike a PC or standalone CD recorder, you might not have the option to edit, add text, or perform additional tweaks that can help optimize the recording’s quality. Also, the turntables included with such combos may not provide the best sound quality for your records.
The Bottom Line
While many audio enthusiasts consider copying vinyl records onto CD less than desirable in converting that warm analog sound to CD, it is a convenient way to enjoy the music in your office or car, where a turntable may not be available.
If you are importing your vinyl record content into a PC, you can also put it onto a USB flash drive, memory card, or upload it to the cloud, enabling access across multiple digital playback devices.
Since essential records in your collection may no longer be in print or even available on CD, it is worth preserving them if your turntable malfunctions or the records become damaged, warped, or otherwise unplayable.
