You can also to a local nursery owner for species suggestions. Tree roots always grow best in their native soil. [2] X Research source You shouldn’t need to amend or fertilize the soil as long as the species is native and climate-appropriate. [3] X Research source
Early fall is best for container trees and balled and burlapped (B&B) trees. [5] X Research source Spring is best for bare root trees (trees that have been stored without any soil around their roots). [6] X Research source Always plant before the first freeze (or after the last freeze).
Most urban communities have zoning laws about trees and digging holes. To avoid fines, check local laws before you plant. If you live outside the city limits, you can plant without restrictions.
A regular shovel will work fine since you’ve already moistened the soil. You don’t need to literally measure the root ball (unless you want to). Just make sure the width of the hole can easily accommodate the roots.
If you plant too deep, the roots will struggle to get oxygen and eventually smother. Water may also pool around the base of the tree, causing the bark to deteriorate, which eventually kills the tree. [12] X Research source
If the roots are wrapped in burlap, cut the burlap off once the tree is properly positioned in the hole. [14] X Research source
Avoid tamping down the soil too hard, since that compacts the soil and reduces available oxygen for the roots. It’s important to backfill with the original soil. Using soil amendments around the root ball can cause problems, like root rot.
If you’re planting in the fall, mulch before the first freeze. If you’re planting in the spring, mulch before summer. Organic wood mulch helps the soil retain moisture and regulate temperature. It also prevents weeds from sprouting up and stealing the tree’s nutrients.
If you can’t monitor the soil moisture closely, consider installing a drip irrigation system. The system discharges small quantities of water on a regular basis directly to the root zone to keep the tree hydrated. If the ground freezes in winter, you don’t need to water during that time. Give enough water to the plant to stay healthy but not too much water that it’s always soggy.
It’s important to limit pruning for the first 2 years until the tree is established so you don’t stunt the growth. Once the tree is established, prune the tree according to the the needs of the species. Be sure to research thoroughly so you know when and how much to prune! Periodically, you can add an all-purpose fertilizer depending on the soil.
